币界网报道:Flashbots warns that MEV (maximal extractable value) has emerged as the primary constraint on blockchain scalability, with spam transactions from MEV bots consuming over 50% of gas on leading OP-Stack rollups while paying less than 10% of total fees. Their research reveals that on networks like Coinbase's Base, two bots generate over 80% of spam transactions, absorbing nearly all added throughput—equivalent to three Ethereum Mainnets' capacity between November 2024 and February 2025. The issue extends to Solana, where MEV bots occupy around 40% of blockspace, demonstrating how economic congestion rather than technical limitations hinders scalability. Flashbots attributes this to the current "spam auction" market structure, where private mempools incentivize speculative arbitrage flooding. Their proposed solution involves replacing gas-based bidding with a two-part system featuring programmable privacy for searchers and off-chain transaction ordering auctions through trusted-execution environments, which could potentially free up congested capacity and reduce fees.